ABSTRACT
Granulomatous lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue are common in India. They are known as “Dermal Granulomas”. In present study following types of Dermal Granulomas were included – Leprosy, Cutaneous Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Fungal, Actinomycosis, Foreign body Granuloma, Granuloma annulare and Sarcoidosis. Histopathology remains a time tested tool for establishing a correct diagnosis. Clinical lesions often reveal surprising underlying pathology. Hence carrying out skin biopsies and microscopic study with routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as well as special stains are must in these disorders so that the type and aetiological agent of the granuloma are properly identified. Besides, follow-up biopsies after the commencement of treatment help in evaluation of the response to therapy. Methods: 52 cases were studied over a period of 2 and a half years. Specimens were collected from the patients of skin, surgery and ENT department. A brief clinical history with age presenting symptoms and signs were recorded. Routine investigations like ESR were performed. Comparison of our study was done with others around the country. Results: Most common type of dermal granuloma was leprosy (59.6%) followed by cutaneous tuberculosis (21.1%), Foreign Body (5.7%), Granuloma Annulare (5.7%), Fungal (5.7%), Actinomycosis (1.9%) and Sarcoidosis (1.9%). Dermal granulomas were most common between the age group of 31 – 50 years. In leprosy and cutaneous tuberculosis, males were affected more as compared to females. Conclusion: Leprosywas most common than other dermal granuloma. Most common type of leprosy and tuberculosis were lepromatous leprosy and lupus vulgaris respectively.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To study and establish clinical and haematological correlation in cases of dengue viral infection. Methodology: A total 169 serum samples were received from L.G. Hospital for the detection of Dengue IgM during the period of October 2013 to January 2014. They were tested for the same with ELISA method. The clinical -haematological case study was done and the data was analyzed retrospectively. Results: Total 169 serum samples were tested, out of which 44(26.03%) were positive for Dengue IgM antibodies. Out of the total serum samples, Male: Female ratio and Urban: Rural ratio was 1.6:1 and 2.8:1 respectively. Peak incidence of the disease is seen in October. Clinically fever was the commonest presentation in 39(88.6%) patients followed by headache and muscle pain i.e., 33(75%) and 16(36.3%) respectively; the least common was epistaxis in 4 (9.04%) patients. Retrobulbar pain was in 3(6.8%) rash was in 6 (13.6%) and hemorrhagic manifestations in 12 (27.2%) patients. Amongst total WBC count, the proportion of Lymphocyte was above 70% in 3(6.8%) cases, between 50-70% in 17(38.6%) cases, and between 35-49% in 16(36.3%) cases and below 35% was in 8(18.18%) cases. The platelet count less than 50,000 was observed in16(36.3%) cases, 50,000 to 1, 00000 in 15(34.09%) cases and greater than 1,00,000 was in 13(29.5%) cases.19(43.1%) patients had erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 7mm/hr, While 15(34.09%) patients had8- 20mm/hrand 10(22.7%) had more than 20 mm/hr.